How to write an API test in Postman?

API tests in Postman are indispensable for ensuring the reliability and functionality of APIs. They enable automated testing, swiftly validating that APIs perform as intended, which is crucial for preventing regressions and maintaining software quality. Additionally, these tests facilitate seamless collaboration among development teams, offering a common language to discuss expected API behavior and streamlining communication in the software development process.

Writing an API test in Postman involves creating a collection of requests and defining test scripts. Here’s a step-by-step guide:

1. Open Postman: Launch the Postman application or access the Postman web interface.
2. Create a New Collection (Optional): If you want to organize your tests into a collection, click the “New” button and select “Collection.” Give it a name and description.
3. Create a Request:

• Click the “New” button to create a new request.
• Enter a request name and description.
• Select the HTTP method (e.g., GET, POST) and enter the API endpoint URL.

1. Add Request Headers and Parameters (if needed): In the request settings, you can add headers, query parameters, and request body data as required by the API you are testing.
2. Write Test Scripts:

• In the request settings, click on the “Tests” tab.
• Use JavaScript to write test scripts that validate the API response. For example, you can check status codes, response body content, or specific data values.
• Here’s an example test script to check if the response status code is 200:

6. Send the Request: Click the “Send” button to send the request to the API.
7. View Test Results:

• The test results will be displayed in the “Test Results” section of the response panel.
• If the tests pass, you’ll see “Tests are passing” in green. If there are failures, you’ll see details of the failed tests.

6. Save and Organize:

• If you created a collection, save the request in that collection for future reference.
• You can create additional requests within the same collection to cover different scenarios or endpoints.

6. Run the Collection (Optional): You can run the entire collection to execute all the requests and tests within it.
7. Export and Share (Optional): You can export your collection and share it with your team or use it for automated testing.

By following these steps, you can write API tests in Postman to validate the functionality and responses of the APIs you are working with. Postman provides a powerful testing framework using JavaScript, allowing you to create comprehensive test suites for your APIs.